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Modeled fair value
USO · US Crude Oil
-2.6Exceptionally expensive
507090110130FAIRMARKET
P10–P90P25–P75Median fair valueToday's market price = 100

Today’s price sits at the 92.5th percentile of modeled fair value — 5% of modeled scenarios put fair value above the market.

Median fair value
83.9
index, market = 100
Upside to median
-16.1%
Last close
$153.56
2026-10-14
Confidence
high
82/100
Modeled returns

Return distributions, not point forecasts

Percentiles describe the spread of scenario outcomes under the stated method. The width of the range carries as much information as the midpoint.

One year

modeled
P90
+38.0%
P75
+20.0%
Median
+2.0%
P25
-16.0%
P10
-34.0%

53% of modeled scenarios end positive.

Total return for a front-dated futures holding, combining expected spot convergence toward the official price path with the roll return earned from steep backwardation, less about 0.8% of holding costs. The large positive roll return substantially offsets the expected spot decline, which is why the expected return is far less negative than the valuation gap alone implies.

Three years, annualised

modeled
P90
+14.0%
P75
+6.0%
Median
-3.0%
P25
-10.5%
P10
-20.0%

Three-year annualised return as spot converges toward a mid-cycle 75 to 80 a barrel and global inventories rebuild, with the roll return diminishing as the curve flattens. The only negative three-year median in this report.

Against the Treasury hurdle

1y Treasury
4.53%
Modeled excess
-2.5%
Basis
proxy

The modeled one-year median of 2.0% falls about 2.5 points short of the 4.53% one-year Treasury, with a tenth-percentile outcome of a 34% loss. The three-year annualised median is negative, the only such reading in this report.

Instruments

5 in this asset class

SymbolValuationFair valueLast close1y modeled
USO
US Crude Oil
-2.6Exceptionally expensive83.9$153.56+2.0%
BNO
Brent Crude Oil
-2.6Exceptionally expensive83.9$65.06+2.0%
XLE
US Energy Sector
—Unavailable—$67.63—
XOP
Oil and Gas Producers
—Unavailable—$197.84—
UNG
Natural Gas
—Unavailable—$11.22—